In the early 2000s, Shana Poplack provided corpus-based evidence -evidence from a body of writing-from isolated enclaves in Samaná and Nova Scotia peopled by descendants of migrations of early AAVE-speaking groups (see Samaná English) that suggests that the grammar of early AAVE was closer to that of contemporary British dialects than modern urban AAVE is to other current American dialects, suggesting that the modern language is a result of divergence from mainstream varieties, rather than the result of decreolization from a widespread American creole.
The presiding theory among linguists is that AAVE has always been a dialect of English, meaning that it originated from earlier English dialects rather than from English-based creole languages that "decreolized" back into English. dialects, the origins of AAVE are still a matter of debate. While it is clear that there is a strong historical relationship between AAVE and earlier Southern U.S. Īfrican-American Vernacular English (AAVE) may be considered a dialect, ethnolect or sociolect. However, a minority of linguists argue that the vernacular shares so many characteristics with African creole languages spoken around the world that it could have originated as its own English-based creole or semi-creole language, distinct from the English language, before undergoing a process of decreolization. Mainstream linguists maintain that the parallels between African-American Vernacular English, West African languages, and English-based creole languages are real but minor, with African-American Vernacular English genealogically still falling under the English language, demonstrably tracing back to the diverse nonstandard dialects of early English settlers in the Southern United States.
Īs with most African-American English, African-American Vernacular English shares a large portion of its grammar and phonology with the rural dialects of the Southern United States, and especially older Southern American English, due to historical connections of African Americans to the region. Having its own unique grammatical, vocabulary, and accent features, African-American Vernacular English is employed by middle-class Black Americans as the more informal and casual end of a sociolinguistic continuum on the formal end of this continuum, speakers switch to more standard English grammar and vocabulary, usually while retaining elements of the nonstandard accent. However, it should not be assumed to be the native dialect of all African Americans. African-American Vernacular English ( AAVE, / ˈ ɑː v eɪ, æ v/ ), also referred to as Black (Vernacular) English, Black English Vernacular, or occasionally Ebonics (a colloquial, controversial term), is the variety of English natively spoken, particularly in urban communities, most consistently by working-class and code-switching middle-class African Americans and some Black Canadians.
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